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Dataset_ID: WOCE_I03
Investigator(s) Name: Millero, Frank J.
Organization: RSMAS/MAC
Address: University of Miami,4600 Rickenbacker Causeway,Miami, FL 33149
Phone: (305) 361-4707
Email: fmillero@rsmas.miami.edu

Name: Johnson, Kenneth
Organization: BNL (retired)
Address:
Phone:
Email: johnson_k37@hotmail.com
Dataset Info:Dataset ID:WOCE_I03
Submission Dates: Initial Submission: 20040615
Revised Submission: 20040615
Cruise Info:
  • Experiment:
    1. Experiment Name: WOCE
Cruise:
  • Cruise ID: 316N145_8
  • Section: WOCE_I03
  • Geographical Coverage:
    1. Geographical Region: Indian Ocean
Bounds:
NorthWestSouthEast
-19.448.1-29114.5


Temporal Coverage: Start Date: 19950423 End Date: 19950605
Vessel:Vessel Name:R/V Knorr
Vessel ID:316N
Country:U.S.A.
Vessel Owner:Office of Naval Research
Data Center URL: http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/
Download Data Sets: Discrete measurements from WOCE I03 Section

Variable Info: downup
Variable NameDescription of Variable
CTD PressureDBAR
CTD TemperatureDeg.C
CTD Salinity
Bottle Salinity
CTD OxygenUMOL/KG
Bottle OxygenUMOL/KG
SilicateUMOL/KG
NitrateUMOL/KG
NitriteUMOL/KG
PhosphateUMOL/KG
CFC-11PMOL/KG
CFC-12PMOL/KG
delta C14/MILLE
delta C13/MILLE
TCO2UMOL/KG
TALKUMOL/KG
C14 Error/MILLE
Method Description:
  • Total C02 Data:
    1. TCO2 Analysis Method: TCO2 samples were collected from approximately every other station [~ 60 nm intervals, 50% of the stations] in 300-mL glass biological oxygen demand (BOD) bottles. Samples were measured using two automated single-operator multiparameter metabolic analyzers (SOMMA) with coulometric detection of the CO2 extracted from acidified samples. A description of the SOMMA-coulometry system and its calibration can be found in Johnson et al. 1987; Johnson and Wallace 1992; and Johnson et al. 1993.
    2. Standardization Technique:
      1. Technique Description:
      2. Sample Volume: 300 mL
      3. CRM Info:
        1. Correction Magnitude:
        2. Batch Number: 23 Sal-33.483 TCO2-1993.10 TALK-2212.7026 Sal-33.258 TCO2-1978.34 TALK-2176.6027 SAL-33.209 TCO2-1988.10 TALK-2214.90
        3. CRM Analysis Info: Certified reference material (CRM) samples were routinely analyzed, usually at the beginning and end of the coulometer cell lifetime, according to DOE (1994). As an additional check of internal consistency, duplicate samples were usually collected on each cast at the surface and from the bottom waters. These duplicates were analyzed on the same system within the run of cast samples from which they originated, but the analyses were separated in time usually by ~3 h.
    3. Field Replicate Info: Periodically, replicate samples were also drawn for shipboard analysis at sea using coulometry and for later analysis on shore at SIO by manometry. The latter samples, typically designated as the Keeling samples, consisted of two 500-mL replicate samples collected at two depths (four samples total per station). These were analyzed only if both replicates survived the storage and the return journey to SIO.
    4. Poisoning Info: 200 uL of a 50% saturated solution of HgCl2 200 uL
      1. Poisoning Correction Description: 200 uL of a 50% saturated solution of HgCl2
      2. Poison Volume: 200 uL
    5. Accuracy Info: +/- 1.2 umol/kg.
    6. Method References: Johnson, K. M., A. E. King, and J. McN. Sieburth. 1985. Coulometric TCO2 analyses for marine studies: An introduction. Marine Chemistry 16:61-82. Johnson, K. M., P. J. Williams, and L. Brandstroem, and J. McN. Sieburth. 1987. Coulometric TCO2 analysis for marine studies: Automation and calibration. Marine Chemistry 21:117-33. Millero, F. J., and A. Poisson. 1981. International one-atmosphere equation of state for seawater. Deep-Sea Research 28:625-29. Johnson, K. M., and D. W. R. Wallace. 1992. The single-operator multiparameter metabolic analyzer for total carbon dioxide with coulometric detection. DOE Research Summary No. 19. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tenn., U.S.A. Johnson, K. M., K. D. Wills, D. B. Butler, W. K. Johnson, and C. S. Wong. 1993. Coulometric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies: Maximizing the performance of an automated gas extraction system and coulometric detector. Marine Chemistry 44:167-87.Johnson, K. M., A. G. Dickson, G. Eischeid, C. Goyet, P. R. Guenther, R. M. Key, F. J. Millero, D. Purkerson, C. L. Sabine, R. G. Schotle, D. W. R. Wallace, R. J. Wilke, and C. D. Winn. 1998. Coulometric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies: Assessment of the quality of total inorganic carbon measurements made during the U.S. Indian Ocean CO2 Survey 1994 1996. Marine Chemistry 63:21-37. Huffman, E. W. D., Jr. 1977. Performance of a new automatic carbon dioxide coulometer. Microchemical Journal 22:567-73. DOE (U.S. Department of Energy). 1994. Handbook of Methods for the Analysis of the Various Parameters of the Carbon Dioxide System in Seawater. Version 2.0. ORNL/CDIAC-74. Dickson A. G. and C. Goyet (eds.). Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn., U.S.A.
    7. Citations:
  • Alkalinity:
    1. Curve Fitting Method: Total alkalinity was measured using two closed-cell automated potentiometric titration systems (MATS) developed at the University of Miami. The MATS are described by Millero et al. (1993) and by Millero et al. (1998).
    2. Type of Titration:
    3. Description of Other Titration:
    4. Cell Type: Closed
    5. CRM cale: Dickson
    6. Sample Volume: 500
    7. Magnitude of Blank Correction:
    8. Accuracy Info: The overall precision of TALK determinations during the Indian Ocean survey was � +/- 4.2 umol/kg
    9. Method References: Bradshaw, A. L. and P. G. Brewer. 1988. High precision measurements of alkalinity and total carbon dioxide in seawater by potentiometric titration: 1. Presence of unknown protolyte (s). Marine Chemistry 28:69-86.Millero, F. J., J. Z. Zhang, K. Lee, and D. M. Campbell. 1993. Titration alkalinity of seawater. Marine Chemistry 44:153-60. Millero, F. J., A. G. Dickson, G. Eischeid, C. Goyet, P. R. Guenther, K. M. Johnson, K. Lee, E. Lewis, D. Purkerson, C. L. Sabine, R. Key, R. G. Schottle, D. R. W. Wallace, and C. D. Winn. 1998. Assessment of the quality of the shipboard measurements of total alkalinity on the WOCE Hydrographic Program Indian Ocean CO2 survey cruises 1994-1996 Marine Chemistry 63:9-20.Cleveland, W. S. and S. J. Devlin. 1988. Locally-weighted regression: an approach to regression analysis by local fitting. Journal of American Statistical Association 83:596-610.Taylor, J. K. and S. W. Smith. 1959. Precise coulometric titration of acids and bases. Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards 63A:153-9. Marinenko, G. and J. K. Taylor. 1968. Electrochemical equivalents of benzoic and oxalic acid. Analytical Chemistry 40:1645-51.DOE (U.S. Department of Energy). 1994. Handbook of Methods for the Analysis of the Various Parameters of the Carbon Dioxide System in Seawater. Version 2.0. ORNL/CDIAC-74. Dickson A. G. and C. Goyet (eds.). Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn., U.S.A. Dickson, A. G. 1981. An exact definition of total alkalinity and a procedure for the estimation of alkalinity and total CO2 from titration data. Deep-Sea Research 28:609-23.Dickson, A. G. and F. J. Millero. 1987. A comparison of the equilibrium constants for the dissociation of carbonic acid in seawater media. Deep-Sea Research 34:1733-43.Johansson, O., and M. Wedborg. 1982. On the evaluation of potentiometric titrations of seawater with hydrochloric acid. Oceanology Acta 5:209-18.
    10. Citations:
  • pCO2 Data:
    1. Analysis:
      1. pCO2 Analysis Method:
      2. Sample Volume:
      3. Headspace_Volume:
      4. Measurement_Temperature:
      5. Temperature Normalization:
      6. Temperature Correction Method:
      7. Variable Reported:
      8. Gas:
      9. Standard Gas Concentrations:
      10. Frequency of Standardization:
    2. Field Replicate Info:
    3. Storage Method:
    4. Accuracy Info:
    5. Method References:
  • pH Data:
    1. pH Scale:
    2. pH Analysis Method:
    3. Calibration Info:
      1. Calibration Description:
      2. In Situ Temperature:
      3. Temperature of Analysis:
      4. Temperature Normalization:
      5. In Situ Pressure:
    4. Accuracy Info:
    5. Method References:
Method References:
Data Set References: Johnson, K. M., A. G. Dickson, G. Eischeid, C. Goyet, P. R. Guenther, R. M. Key, F. J. Millero, D. Purkerson, C. L. Sabine, R. G. Schotle, D. W. R. Wallace, R. J. Wilke, and C. D. Winn. 1998. Coulometric total carbon dioxide analysis for marine studies: Assessment of the quality of total inorganic carbon measurements made during the U.S. Indian Ocean CO2 Survey 1994-1996. Marine Chemistry 63:21-37.
Citation: Johnson K. M., A. G. Dickson, G. Eischeid, C. Goyet, P. R. Guenther, R. M. Key, K. Lee, E. R. Lewis, F. J. Millero, D. Purkerson, C. L. Sabine, R. G. Schottle, D. W. R. Wallace, R. J. Wilke, and C. D. Winn. 2002. Carbon Dioxide, Hydrographic and Chemical Data Obtained During the Nine R/V Knorr Cruises Comprising the Indian Ocean CO2 Survey (WOCE Sections I8SI9S, I9N, I8NI5E, I3, I5WI4, I7N, I1, I10, and I2; December 1, 1994 - January 22, 1996), Ed. A. Kozyr. ORNL/CDIAC-138, NDP-080. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. doi: 10.3334/CDIAC/otg.ndp080
Measurement Type: discrete measurement discrete data discrete measurements bottle measurement bottle data bottle measurements
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